Polonnaruwa, the second capital of ancient Sri Lanka, stands as a testament to the island’s rich cultural heritage and architectural brilliance. Nestled in the heart of the island, this UNESCO World Heritage site offers visitors a glimpse into the grandeur of the country’s medieval past. The city is a stunning blend of history, art, and nature, with its well-preserved ruins, tranquil lakes, and lush landscapes. Polonnaruwa’s beauty is reflected in its intricately designed structures, such as the Parakrama Samudra, an expansive reservoir built by King Parakramabahu I, which continues to be a major water source for the region.

Historically, Polonnaruwa became the capital in the 11th century following the fall of Anuradhapura. Under the rule of King Parakramabahu I, it flourished as a political, religious, and economic center. The city was renowned for its advanced irrigation systems, extensive road networks, and impressive architecture. Major landmarks include the Royal Palace, the Gal Vihara, which houses exquisite rock-cut Buddha statues, and the Vatadage, a circular structure that enshrines a relic of the Buddha.

Polonnaruwa’s importance lies not only in its role as a thriving kingdom but also in its contribution to Sri Lanka’s cultural and architectural legacy. The ancient city showcases a harmonious blend of religious and royal monuments, highlighting the fusion of Buddhist traditions with royal power. Today, Polonnaruwa remains a vital historical and cultural site, offering visitors an unparalleled opportunity to explore the remarkable achievements of Sri Lanka’s ancient civilization.